Embodied Cognition and Human-Machine Coexistence

Authors

  • Norris L. Smith Department of English Language, School of Social Science, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8644-3982
  • Oussama H. Hamid Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-9116

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v1n1y2017.pp67-71

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence, Embodied cognition, Human intelligence, Human-machine coexistence, Phenomenology

Abstract

Recently, we discussed the relative importance of direct perception, embodiment, metaphors, and ethics for cooperative human-machine coexistence. The present paper deepens the examination of embodiment and direct perception by considering differences between computational and representational models on one hand and embodied cognition on the other. We found that to achieve true artificial intelligence (AI) and, hence, a cooperative human-machine coexistence, research must overcome the limitations of computational and representational models. This can be reached by connecting machines to the world through bodies that exhibit sensory and motor skills as demonstrated by embodied cognition. Furthermore, substantial improvement in AI could be achieved by adopting a hybrid framework in which embodied
cognition, for example, may contain representational, abstract, and symbolic aspects. The adoption of such a “both and” instead of “either or” view is a more realistic approach for progress in AI applications.

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Author Biographies

  • Norris L. Smith, Department of English Language, School of Social Science, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

    Dr. Smith began working at UKH in September 2016. His academic areas include existential-phenomenological psychology, social psychological phenomena (persuasion, suggestion, advertising, placebos, etc.), humanistic & transpersonal psychology, and scientific hypnosis, while maintaining a personal and professional interest in documentary films and travel. Prior to joining UKH, Norris served in a number of administrative roles, taught philosophy and psychology, wrote, and was the school counselor at Webster University Thailand. Before that, he taught a wide variety of courses in Japan and Korea on U.S. military bases for the University of Maryland University College and worked in the life insurance industry.

  • Oussama H. Hamid, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region – F.R. Iraq

    Dr. Oussama H. Hamid is an Assistant Professor in Computer Sciences at the University of Kurdistan Hewler (UKH) - Iraq. He is a founding member of the Executive Editorial Board of the UKH Journal of Science and Engineering (UKHJSE), a selected member of the IEEE Society: Systems, Man, and Cybernetics on Soft Computing (IEEE-SMC), and the organizer of a Special Session on Soft Computing Techniques (SCT 2017) within the 9th International Joint Conference on Computational Intelligence (IJCCI 2017) in Funchal Madeira, Portugal. In April 2014, Dr. Hamid obtained a research grant from The Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS), which is chaired by H.H. the Amir of Kuwait Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmed Al-Sabah, to work on developing a comprehensive theory for transferring experience in context-dependent learning. Dr. Hamid was professionally trained in Germany. He received in 2011 a PhD degree in Natural Sciences (Dr. rer. nat.) from the University of Magdeburg (Germany) for his research on the Role of Temporal Context in Human Reinforcement Learning. Prior to this, he was awarded a Master's degree as a Graduate Engineer (Dipl.-Ing.) in Computational Visualistics (2002, Germany) and Vordiplom (BSc) Certificates in Computer Science (2000, Germany) and Mathematics (1998, Germany). 

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Published

2017-12-23

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): ISSUE ONE

Section

Research Articles

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How to Cite

Embodied Cognition and Human-Machine Coexistence. (2017). UKH Journal of Science and Engineering, 1(1), 67-71. https://doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v1n1y2017.pp67-71

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