Shanidar Cave: An Interesting Archeological Site in Iraqi Kurdistan Region

Shanidar Cave

Authors

  • Varoujan K. Sissakian Department of Natural Resources Engineering and Management, School of Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region - F.R. Iraq http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9840-5422

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v3n2y2019.pp1-9

Keywords:

Neanderthal, Shanidar cave, Proto-Neolithic cemetery, Bradost mountain

Abstract

Shanidar Cave is one of the most well-known caves in Iraqi Kurdistan Region. It is an archaeological site located within Bradost Mountain north of Erbil city. Eleven skeletons of Neanderthals, have been found within the cave dating back to 65000 – 35000 years, they were called Shanidar (1 – 11). The cave also contains two later "proto-Neolithic" cemeteries.

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Author Biography

  • Varoujan K. Sissakian, Department of Natural Resources Engineering and Management, School of Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Kurdistan Region - F.R. Iraq

    Mr. Varoujan K. Sissakian graduated from University of Baghdad in 1969 with B.Sc. degree in Geology, and M.Sc. in Engineering Geological Mapping from I.T.C., the Netherlands in 1982. He joined Iraq Geological Survey (GEOSURV) in 1971 and was nominated as Expert in 2005; he was the Director of Geology Department since May 2004 until October 2012. He has 125 documented reports in GEOSURV's library and 105 published articles in different geological aspects in different geological journals. He was the Deputy Vice President of the Middle East Subcommission of the Committee of Compilation the Geological Map of the World (CGMW), Paris, from February 2010 until August 2012. Retired on 10 October 2012. His major fields of interest are geological mapping, stratigraphy of the Iraqi territory, site investigation, and geological hazards. He was Visiting Lecturer at the University of Kurdistan Hewler since October 2014 and Lecturer since February 2017.

References

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Lietava, J., 1992. Medicinal plants in a middle paleolithic grave Shanidar IV?, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 35, No. 2, p. 263 – 266.
Pettitt, P.B., 2002. The Neanderthal Dead, exploring mortuary variability in Middle Paleolithic Eurasia.
Sissakian and Fouad, S.F., 2012. Geological Map pf Iraq, scale 1:1000000, 4th edition. Iraq Geological Survey Publications, Baghdad, Iraq.
Sissakian, V.K. and Saeed, Z.B., 2012. Lithological Map of Iraq, Compiled using GIS Techniques. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 1 – 13.
Solecki, R.S., 1975. Shanidar IV, a Neanderthal Flower Burial in Northern Iraq, Science, Vol. 190, Issue 4217, p. 880 – 881.
Solecki, R.S., Solecki, R.L. and Agelarakis, A.P., 2004. The Proto-Neolithic Cemetery in Shanidar Cave. Texas A&M University Press, p. 3–5.
Stewart, T.D., 1963. Shanidar Skeletons IV and VI. Sumer, Vol. 19, p. 8 – 26.

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Published

2019-12-27

Issue

Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): ISSUE 5

Section

Review Articles

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How to Cite

Shanidar Cave: An Interesting Archeological Site in Iraqi Kurdistan Region: Shanidar Cave. (2019). UKH Journal of Science and Engineering, 3(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v3n2y2019.pp1-9

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